At the end of your EPQ you will need to list all of the sources of information that you have used (cited) in your work i.e. books, websites, journal articles etc. This is the reference list.
Your school may have its own referencing style or recommend a specific style for you to use. If not, then use our guide below to help you reference different types of information. We are using the Harvard referencing style. You can also discover how to format in-text citations (if required) when you paraphrase or quote from an information source.
Accuracy and consistency are important.
Find out how to reference Books, Journal and Magazine Articles, Web Pages, Newspaper Articles, Blogs, YouTube videos, Twitter, TV Programmes and Films/Movies.
For a BOOK reference you will need the following information: Author(s)/Editor, Year of publication, Title, Edition (if applicable), Place of Publication and Publisher.
Here are a few examples:
Smith, T. (2020) How to be a good researcher. 4th edn. London: Bounty Press.
Patel, A., LeBlanc, J. and Schmidt, H. (2019) Television production and broadcasting. Leamington Spa: Davis and Cooper.
Gerome, M. (ed.) (2019) Treasures of the British Museum. Ipswich: Bagton Publishing.
In-text citations (paraphrased information):
According to Smith (2020), the most important part of the research process is.........
It is generally agreed that the most important part of the research process is developing a robust search strategy (Rizvi, 2017; Parry, 2019; Smith, 2020).
In-text citations (quotes):
For a JOURNAL or MAGAZINE ARTICLE reference you will need the following information: Author, Year of publication, 'Title of article', Title of journal, Volume and (Part number), Pages, URL and (Accessed date).
Here are a few examples:
Bell, T. (2014) 'How soon is now: A history of eighties music'. Journal of Music Technology, 54(8), pp.234-251.
Hall, T. (2017) 'Ghost Town: How the Midlands became Top of the Pops'. Music Monthly, 6(12), pp.14-22. Available at http://www.musicmonthly/full/28675 (Accessed: 22 April 2021).
Coverdale, D., Rose, A., Plant, R., and Young, A. (2011) 'The truth about global warming'. Journal of the Environment, 2(5), pp.22-41.
Burg, T. (2015) 'Money matters in retirement'. Home and Heart (May/June) pp.12-16.
In-text citations (paraphrased information):
According to Hall (2017), the urban deprivation caused by the decline of industry provided a backdrop to .........
Many researchers have commented on the significance of industrial decline and the resulting urban deprivation on the creation of a new genre of music in the late 1970s (Dolman and Wheeler, 1998; Hudson, 2005; Hall, 2017).
In-text Citations (quotes):
For WEBSITES you will need the following information if available for a reference: Author/organisation, Year published/last updated, Title of website, URL and (Accessed date).
Here are a few examples:
Price, G. (2016) Domestic housing and town planning. Available at: http://www.domestichousingtownplanning.co.uk/ (Accessed: 21 January 2017).
National Society of Music Entrepreneurs (2019) Making a success of your hobby. Available at: http://www.nsme.org.uk/success_hobby/ (Accessed: 23 October 2020).
Robots in film (2020) Available at: http://www.robofan.com/film/ (Accessed: 18 November 2021).
In-text citations (paraphrased information):
According to the National Society of Music Entrepreneurs (2019), the proliferation of music talent shows on TV in the late 1990s contributed to the.........
There is much evidence to suggest that domestic housing needs changed significantly in the new millennium (Dolman and Wheeler, 1998; Hudson, 2005; Price, 2016).
In-Text citations (quotes):
[When citing direct quotations from sources without pagination (for example, ebooks, online journal articles, web pages), use the information that you have to help the reader locate the quotation. For example, you may use a paragraph number if provided, or you can count down paragraphs from the beginning of the document.]
Oganabulo, R (2017) 'Home cooking from the edge', Renee's food heaven, 12th January. Available at: http://www.wordster.com/blogs/RO/ (Accessed: 16 January 2017).
Kuenssberg, L. [@bbclaurak] (2018) anyone might imagine that inside he’s a tiny bit pleased [Twitter] 25 September. Available at: https://twitter.com/bbclaurak/status/1044553972277817344 (Accessed: 19 December 2018)
Sharma, M. and Elba, I. (2014) 'Inner city crime and the gang related myths', Northampton Gazette, 30th June, p.12.
Sugar, A. (2012) The Apprentice. BBC One Television, 23 June.
JPonline (2012) Ask the experts – understanding the news. Available at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TWerhy3j20 (Accessed: 13 January 2017).
King of the skies (1951) Directed by George Clough [Film]. Sandy Bay City, California: Valiant Film.